Sources for the Roman Army

Books: (see also General Reference Works)

Grant, Michael. The Army of the Caesars. New York: Scribner, 1974.

Watson, G. R. The Roman Soldier. Aspects of Greek and Roman Life. Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1969.

External Links:

• Primary Sources:
  • Josephus on the Roman Army
  • Polybius on the Roman Maniple vs. the Greek Phalanx
• Secondary Sources:
  • Armamentarium: The Beginner's Guide to Roman Military Equipment
  • The Roman Army (Gary Brueggeman)
  • The Glory That Was Rome (Daniel Green)
  • The Roman Army in Britain (Peter Green)
  • Great Battles of the Roman Republic (David Green)
  • Military Medicos
• Re-enactment Groups:
  • The Ermine Street Guard
  • Legio II Augusta
  • Legio IX Hispana

Image List: The following images from the pages on this topic are available through the VRoma Image Archive; further information can be found by consulting the various slide indices. Images in the VRoma Archive may be used for non-commercial purposes, either by downloading the images or by linking to them; it is not necessary to write for permission, but we do ask that you credit the VRoma Project.

Click here for information on the images used in the Roman Army, Part II.

relief of military parade	distance slab from Antonine wall, Leg. XX VV	diagram of legion organization	model of century in fighting formation	model of cohort in fighting formation
Trajan's Column (cast from EUR)	Chester Museum (cast)	Chester Museum	Aalen Limesmuseum	Aalen Limesmuseum

"legion" of British schoolchildren	model of auxiliary fort	model of auxiliary fort with figurines	model of legionary headquarters	reconstructed gate of auxiliary fort
The Lunt, 1986	Newcastle Museum	Aalen Limesmuseum	Chester Museum	Saalburg

reconstructed walls of legionary fort	reconstructed limes fortification	foundation of barracks for 1 century	foundation of barracks for 1 century	reconstructed barracks for 2 centuries
Xanten, Archaeological Park	Saalburg	Caerleon, legionary fortress	Caerleon, legionary fortress	Saalburg

parade of standard bearers	cuirass of Augustus of Prima Porta	relief of standards	relief of standards	standards with eagles	standards with pigs
Trajan's Column (cast from EUR)	Vatican Museum	cast from EUR	cast from EUR	replica from EUR	replica from EUR

standard with winged horse	pila, standards, flag	statue of aquilifer	drawing of aquilifer	drawing of general
replica from EUR	Mainz Landesmuseum	model from EUR	Mainz Landesmuseum	Mainz Landesmuseum

Trajan addressing troops	bust of Antoninus Pius in lacerna	drawing of centurion	tombstone of centurion (Caelius)	Praetorian guardsman	ancient bronze helmet
Trajan's Column (cast from EUR)	Capitoline Museum	Mainz Landesmuseum	Bonn, Rheinisches Landesmuseum	model from EUR	Munich Praehistorisches Museum

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